1) Exploration Systems Mission Directorate internships and projects.
We are now up and "live" and ready to receive online applications for internships at the NASA Centers for the ESMD Space Grant Program. area.
Here is the link: http://platinum.ts.odu.edu/esmd2008.nsf/Main?OpenPage
For more information you can go to the KSC Space Grant Education page http://Education.ksc.nasa.gov/ESMDspacegrant/ .
2) NASA Academies (Four Centers) plus other Internship possibilities (including Robotics):
Please check out the eligibility requirements. Some are only for Juniors or Seniors. Others will accept Sophomores/Freshmen. Apply for as many as you like, BUT only to those for which you are eligible.
The 2008 Combined Intern Application is accepting applications ( http://university.gsfc.nasa.gov/application/ ). In fact, after the first week, 270 students have already begun the application process. We encourage you to join us in promoting the NASA Academy and other NASA Internship opportunities. For your reference, please find attached an e-copy of the 2008 NASA Academy promotional flier. If you would like to partner with the NASA Academy Alumni Association Diversity Committee, I encourage you to contact Ms. Kamara Brown to explore possibilities.
4) Lockheed-Martin/LaSPACE Summer Internships at Michoud Operations in New Orleans
L-M manufactures the Space Shuttle External Tank at Michoud. L-M was just selected for a large role in the new launch system CEV/CRV (Orion) for the return to the Moon and on to Mars vision and much related work is on-going at LMMO. LaSPACE collects applications for this program which are then forwarded to L-M who makes the final selections. (Note that due to Hurricane Katrina and the slow recovery process,
there is little to no housing available in the vicinity of Michoud. Students need to be prepared to commute.)
Go to http://laspace.lsu.edu/intern for application instructions.
5) JPL/Space Grant Internships
LaSPACE collects applications for summer internships at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, CA.
The applications are forwarded to JPL for selection and matching with a mentor. Details and a site are forthcoming, but feel free to contact the LaSPACE office with any questions.
All of the opportunities above require US citizenship or permanent residence status.
Note also that there is a GPA requirement, usually a 3.0 (on a 4.0 scale) for application.
John P. Wefel, Professor and Director
Louisiana Space Consortium
Louisiana NASA EPSCoR
Dept. of Physics & Astronomy
Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, LA 70803-4001
P: 225-578-8696 / 8697
F: 225-578-1222
E-mail: wefel@phunds.phys.Lsu.edu
http://laspace.Lsu.edu
6) U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Office of Biological and Environmental Research Climate Change Research Division (CCRD) The Global Change Education Program (GCEP) promotes undergraduate and graduate education/training in support of the DOE global change research activities. GCEP has two components:
1) The Summer Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE) a ten-week research program, and
2) The Graduate Research Environmental Fellowships (GREF) for students who have successfully completed at least one year of graduate school.
Global change research encompasses a variety of technical areas ranging from atmospheric sciences to terrestrial processes. Other studies address integrated assessments of Global Climate Change and Information Integration.
For more details about GCEP-SURE and –GREF and to access electronic applications, please visit http://www.atmos.anl.gov/GCEP/ The application deadline is February 4, 2008. Contact Barbara Dunkin at (865) 574-6440 or Barbara.dunkin@orau.org if you have question
Pharmacy students
To: Deans of Pharmacy
Subject: Summer Pharmacy Internship Information
From: Harvey Maldow, Director Professional Relations AstraZeneca
Date: 11/20/06
Greetings Deans of Pharmacy:
I am pleased to announce that AstraZeneca will once again offer several industry internships during the summer of 2008 for students entering their last or next to last year of study. The program is a twelve-week internship focusing on a specific area of interest for the student. The application deadline is January 31, 2008.
I have attached a program description and an application form that you can share with your students.
Students receive a stipend, but room & board are not included.
Additional information can be found on our Pharmacy Intern website at http://www.astrazeneca-us.com/content/aboutAZ/careers/astrazeneca-pharmacy-internship.asp . Students can also download the application from the site.
AFSCME (American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees) the largest union for workers in the public service.
Has internships available .
Spring Break:
Session I March 11-26
Session II, March 18-23
(deadline for applications Feb. 25, 2008)
For an application, see Dr. Waldron-Moore in Political Science.
Thomas R. Pickering Foreign Affairs Fellowships
The Thomas R. Pickering Foreign Affairs Fellowships (including summer internships)
The application and more information is available at www.woodrow.org
The application deadline is March 2008
For an application, see Dr. Waldron-Moore in Political Science.
Six hours of language are required for earning a B.A./B.S. at Xavier University. While we teach French and Spanish here, the university's requirement can be met in other languages. The NESP/David L. Boren Undergraduate Scholarship for study abroad provides funds for language acquisition. Funds are available for summer, semester, year long study in hard languages and in areas under represented in study abroad.
Interested students are encouraged to visit: www.iie.org/nsep or call:
1-800-681-6737. The application deadline is February 13, 2008.
The Leadership Alliance Summer Research Early Identification Program
This program is designed for underserved and underrepresented students. It offers undergraduates the opportunity to work for eight to ten weeks under the guidance of a faculty or research mentor at a participating Alliance institution. Through this one-on-one collaboration, students gain theoretical knowledge and practical training in academic research and scientific experimentation. The program is designed to encourage students from groups traditionally underrepresented in the sciences, social sciences and humanities to consider research careers in the academic, public or private sectors.
Students are required to present a written report and/or abstract at the end of their summer research activity and complete a program evaluation. All participants are expected to participate in the Leadership Alliance’s annual, national symposium and to make oral or poster presentations of their research. Students receive a stipend, travel and housing.
Summer Internship Program in Biomedical Research
Information
The Summer Internship Program (SIP) at the NIH provides an opportunity to spend the summer working side-by-side with some of the leading scientists in the world in an environment devoted exclusively to biomedical research. Students sixteen years of age or older who are U.S. citizens or permanent residents and are currently enrolled at least half-time in high school or an accredited U.S. college or university are eligible to apply. Students who have been accepted into a college or university may also apply. For more information:, http://www.training.nih.gov/student/sip/
On-line Application
Application deadline for all participating NIH Institutes and Centers is March 1, 2008 .
Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission is offering six paid Minority Internships during the summer of 2008: two each at the Independence Seaport Museum and the Philadelphia Museum of Art, both in Philadelphia; and two at the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission either in Harrisburg or one of its 25 field sites around Pennsylvania. Internships are available in a variety of fields and professional areas, ranging from marketing to curation, historic preservation to archival practice, development to museum education. Interns serve for 12 weeks and are paid $4,000.
The Minority Student Internship Program is designed to introduce upper level undergraduate and graduate students of color to careers in museums and related fields.
The program includes fieldtrips and travel to museums and cultural institutions in the region.
For further info: www.phmc.state.pa.us
Deadline is January 26, 2008
College of William and Mary
The College of William and Mary has opportunities for summer research in Physics. The program will run from May 29 to August 3, 2008.
This Summer, the Physics and Applied Science Departments will provide opportunities for joining in research not only on the Williamsburg campus, but also at nearby Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory and NASA Langley Research Center.
The W&M REU program receives support from the National Science Foundation. For the ten weeks of participation, you will receive a stipend of $3,500, plus free housing and health center services. Students who are US citizens or permanent residents may apply. Students completing their junior year will be given preference.
Research Fields include Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Condensed Matter and Surface Physics, Laser Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Non-Linear Dynamics, and Non-Destructive Evaluation.
To apply, visit http://www.wm.edu/physics/reu/reu.php and submit an application. Two faculty reference letters are required.
If you have any questions, please contact Carol Hankins at
cshank@wm.edu or Professor Kossler at
kossler@physics.wm.edu.
University of Oregon SPUR
Summer research opportunities at the University of Oregon SPUR (Summer Program for Undergraduate Research) Directed at students who want to pursue life sciences careers or medicine.
SPUR enhances educational opportunities for undergradutes by offering direct, mentor guided research in laboratories at the cutting edges of the life sciences in our Institute of Molecular Biology, Institute of Neuroscience, and Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, as well as our Departments of Biology, Chemistry, Exercise and Movement Science, Physics, Computer Information Science, and Psychology.
For more information: http://biology.uoregon.edu/SPUR/
UNCF-sponsored internships, grants, and fellowships:
- Faculty and student research grants, fellowships and internships with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
- Institutional grants for curriculum enhancement with NASA
- Student internships with the Department of Defense (DoD)
- Student fellowships with the Department of Education (ED)
- Student internships with the Department of Energy (DoE)
- Employment with the Intelligence Community
To apply for these internships, fellowships, and, grants go to:
www.uncfsp.org/register
Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education ORISE places undergraduate and graduate students from Historically Black Colleges and Universities in research facilities across the nation. Eligibility is based on the demands of the programs and the requirements established by the program sponsors.
Because these opportunities are limited, we are asking you to help us spread the word on your campus. Please review the enclosed flier. One of the students from your school could have a Great Summer experience in 2008. Help us help you!
Contact: Pat Pressley
Program Specialist
(865) 576-3409
pat.pressley@orau.org
ORISE Opportunities: http://see.orau.org
U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announces program guidelines for the 2008 competition cycle of the DHS Scholarship and Fellowship Program.
Complete information is available online at http://www.orau.gov/dhsed/ .
The last competition cycle provided financial support for approximately 100 Scholars and Fellows.
All applicants are expected to apply using the online application. The deadline for submitting an application is January 23, 2008, 11:59 p.m. Eastern Standard Time.
Questions regarding the DHS Scholarship and Fellowship Program can be sent via e-mail to dhsed@orau.org .
Summer Research in Gravitational Physics at Caltech
Caltech offers a summer undergraduate research program focusing on the detection of gravitational radiation at the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). The university is looking for talented undergraduate students to work on all aspects of the LIGO project, including detector technology, data analysis, and modeling astrophysical sources. For more information, go to: http://www.ligo.caltech.edu/LIGO_web/students/undergrads.html.
Graduating Seniors
Applications are being accepted for admission to the PhD program in Chemistry and Biochemistry at Georgia Tech. Teaching and research assistantships with health insurance coverage starting at $21,500 (plus waiver of tuition) for Fall 2008 are available. In addition, there are a number of supplemental scholarships offered to candidates with undergraduate research experience and exceptional credentials. Website/Free Application: http://www.chemistry.gatech.edu/docs/GT_grad_application.pdf. To receive full consideration of admission, please apply by February 1, 2008.
Juniors and Sophomores
Applications are being accepted for Summer Research Experience for Undergraduates Program in Chemistry and Biochemistry at Georgia Tech. Selected candidates will participate in a ten-week (May 21-July 27, 2008) research program and receive a stipend of $4000, a travel allowance, and housing. Each research student will carry out a research project under the supervision of a faculty member in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and participate in professional development seminars, and social activities. Research projects are available in analytical, biological, inorganic, organic, physical, and polymer chemistry. Website/Free Application: http://www.chemistry.gatech.edu/undergraduate/summer/index.php. Deadline: February 15, 2008
Summer Internships at Marathon Oil
Selected candidates will participate in internships at various Marathon Oil Corporation locations and be paid stipends at comparable rates paid to other Marathon Oil Corporation employees.
Marathon will provide $3,000 stipends (transportation, housing) who do not live near the internship's site.
Selected candidates will receive an 8-10 week summer internship at Marathon Oil Corporation and a need-based scholarship of up to $10,000.
Candidates must maintain original eligibility requirements as well as a 3.0 GPA to be eligible for the second year of the program.
The scholarship is restricted to the following major fields of study:
petroleum engineering, chemical engineering, civil engineering, elecrical engineering, geological engineering, mechanical engineeering, geology, geophysics, or health, environment and safety.
The program is funded and administered by the United Negro College Fund.
For more information, call 1-866-671-7237 Or apply online at www.uncf.org. Click on "Interships." Locate and click on the Marathon Oil Corporation/UNCF Corporate Scholars Program link.
The Gilder Lehrman History Scholars Program
The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History invites college sophomores and juniors with a serious interest in American history to apply for 15 history scholarships. This program comprises a five week research program in New York City from June 24 to July 28, 2008. Each student is awarded a fellowship of $10,000 that includes tuition, books, field trips, travel to and from New York City, room and board, and a $2,200 stipend.
Another 50 places for runners-up, who will be named as Finalists and invited to a one-week program in New York City from June 9 to July 16, 2008; each student is awared a fellowship worth $1,500 that includes tuition, field trips, travel to and from NYC, and room and board.
For more information about the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, and to see a list of previous scholars and their projects, visit www.gilderlehrman.org. To apply, click on Gilder Lehrman History Scholars Program.
The Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Internship Program
The Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Internship Program provides opportunities for qualified undergraduate to receive hands-on experience in a real-world setting that prepares them to become part of tomorrow's workforce.
Discipline(s): engineering, computer science, health physics, meteorology, chemistry, physics, biological sciences, environmental sciences, emergency management, public health, epidemiology, accounting, finance, audit, communications, graphic design, human resources, and instructional technology.
Eligibility: U.S. Citizens only. Students entering their junior or senior year.
Location(s): Oak Ridge Associated Universities located in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Other locations could include: Washington D.C, Maryland, Colorado, or California.
Duration: approximately 10 weeks during summer term
Benefits: bi-weekly paycheck; limited travel reimbursement
How to apply: http://www.orau.org/jobs/
General Electric
General Electric is interviewing for summer interns. To qualify you must be a college Freshman, Sophomore, or Junior in Engineering, Computer Science, Finance, or Accounting. You must have a minimum GPA of 3.0. GE will also consider business majors with strong leadership qualities.
Location of Internships: Atlanta, Greenville, Houston, Ohio, Raytown,
Schenectady, Erie, ..anywhere there is a GE facility! Average salary: $17
per hour. Some locations will pay a housing allowance.
For more information contact:
Michelle Jackson, PHR GE Energy
HRManager, Compliance & Dispute Resolution
michelle1.jackson@ ge.com
SESMI
SESMI unites emerging young scientists and engineers from four-year colleges and research universities with New York University and City College of New York research groups, in which they will perform interdisciplinary research spanning materials science, chemistry, physics, and chemical engineering. This will be achieved through research projects aligned with NYU and CCNY efforts in soft materials and interfaces, ranging from colloidal assemblies to biomolecular scaffolds to organic crystals to molecular monolayers. Through a series of REU-wide workshops held each Friday morning, the SESMI program also will provide the students with professional development exercises, including scientific writing and presentations, and workshops related to ethics of research and publication. SESMI students also will benefit from interactions with a larger group of domestic and international NYU and CCNY research undergraduates during the workshops and various organized social activities.
More information will soon be available at http://surface.engr.ccny.cuny.edu/~SESMI/ .
Interested students should send the following application materials by Email to Ms. Erin Plati, the NYU Department of Chemistry Administrator, at erin.plati@nyu.edu. Unfortunately, the rather late notification of the award by NSF, combined with a need to confirm housing arrangements, requires that all applications be submitted by Wednesday, March 21.
Applicants will be notified of admission within a few days of receipt of the application, on a rolling basis. We would need to know the student’s decision no later than Friday, March 30.
The Email with application materials should contain the subject heading “Application for the Y2008 SESMI REU Program” and the following items should be included as attachments:
United Negro College Fund Special Programs Corporation
The United Negro College Fund Special Programs Corporation seeks your assistance in notifying outstanding minority undergraduate sophomores about the Institute for International Public Policy's fellowship program. Funded by a grant from the Department of Education, The IIPP addresses the need for diverse perspectives within the international affairs arena, pipelining students through a sequence of components including 2 rigorous summer academic institutes, study abroad, intensive language training, internship, and graduate school. The Institute is a member of the Department of State’s prestigious “Diplomatic Fellows Program.” The Fellowship produces global leaders with a variety of professional backgrounds. A small sampling includes but not limited to Foreign Service officers, international lawyers, international development professionals, investment bankers and policy analysts.
The Fellowship program is valued at approximately $70,000 per Fellow. A brief breakdown of financial award:
*Note: The Fellowship consists of a multi-sequence of components in chronological order as shown below.
1. Sophomore Summer Policy Institute ( Spelman College)
- Funding includes tuition, $1050.00 stipend, housing, meals, books & materials, airfare to Washington, DC & NYC for study missions.
2. Junior Year Abroad Program (JYSA)
- Funding includes up to half of study abroad costs at an approved program.
3. Junior Summer Policy Institute ( University of Maryland) *Funding includes airfare to and from Institute, tuition, $1050.00 stipend, housing, meals, books & materials.
4. Internship
- Stipend based on location and professional career advisors to assist fellows in the selection and the securing of internships.
5. Summer Language Institute (Middlebury College) *Funding includes intense 8-11 week total-immersion language training at Middlebury College’s renowned language institute including travel and $1050.00 stipend 6. Graduate School *Funding includes up to $15,000 towards a Master’s degree in international affairs with a matching $15,000 from the student’s institution.
To be eligible for the Fellowship program, applicants must:
- Be an underrepresented minority: African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander.
- Be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.
- Be a sophomore student enrolled full time at a four year institution (or freshman with sophomore advanced standing per advanced placement credits)
- Have at minimum, a 3.2 grade point average.
- Have a demonstrable interest in international affairs.
The application deadline has been extended by one week to March 23, 2008. To apply & access the application, please visit: www.uncfsp.org/register
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Summer Scholars Institute Summer Research Opportunities Program (SROP) offers outstanding undergraduates the chance to work closely with faculty in an intensive summer research experience. The program gives undergraduate students first-hand exposure to the experiences of graduate school and faculty life by placing them with faculty whose work is closely related to their academic interests and career goals. Students work under faculty mentorship either on an individual basis or as part of a research team.
The following students are eligible to apply for SROP:
U.S. citizens or permanent residents;
- Undergraduate students who have completed 26 or more credit hours, but will not complete degree requirements before December 2006;
- Students who are underrepresented in their field of study and who are sophomore or juniors majoring in any subject;
- Students who have a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 in the fall of 2006;
- Students who plan to pursue graduate work leading to doctoral study (Ph.D.); and
- Students who view research and university teaching as career goals.
For more information visit: http://www.iupui.edu/~gradoff/srop/
The University of Mississippi
The University of Mississippi is offering a combination of programs designed to give undergraduates the chance to explore their interests in science, math, engineering and technology research. Undergraduates will receive hands-on opportunities and to work on their projects, $1000 to cover research expenses, and a $3000 stipend for the summer. Housing and meals will be provided for the 10-week program.
For more information visit: http://www.olemiss.edu/agem/
UCLA Summer Humanities Institute (SHI)
June 22 through August 16, 2008 Application Deadline: January 10, 2008
The program provides aims to provide instruction in a new humanistic scholarship from the perspectives of African American studies. Workshops will be provided to enhance graduate school preparation (ex: the application process and graduate school funding). Up to $450 in transportation, housing, meals and a stipend will be provided.
Eligible persons are juniors, senior, and students who have just completed a BA but have not begun their first year of graduate school. Students who want to purse a MA or PhD in Humanities or Social Sciences. Students from HBCUs are strongly encouraged to apply.
*Law, Psychology, Science, Business, and other social science field students are not eligible.
For more information, visit: www.bunche.ucla.edu/SHI/Application_Process.html or www.gdnet.ucla.edu/asis/srp/srpintro.htm
University of Minnesota Life Sciences Summer Undergraduate Research Programs in Lake Itasca
May 29 through August 9, 2008 Application Deadline: February 15, 2008
This program is designed to introduce eight to ten undergraduate students to research into global change ecology and teach them how to deal with large and/or multiple scale data sets. Participation from underrepresented groups is strongly encouraged.
Participants in this program will:
- Conduct research under the mentoring of faculty
- Develop research, collaboration and oral communication skills
- Become oriented to various aspects of scientific research via faculty and graduate-student panels, an on-site research symposium, an ecological issues course, and ethics seminars.
The summer program will begin with a three-day orientation session then conclude with a student poster presentation session and banquet.
For more information, visit: www.cbs.umn.edu/main/summer_research/ or email James Cotner at cotne002@umn.edu
University of Minnesota Materials Research Science and Engineering Center Research Experience Fellowship Program
June 2 through August 9, 2008 Application Deadline: February 15, 2008
This ten-week summer program is designed to provide unique research experiences, professional development, and increased awareness of materials science and engineering. Each student performs research in a UMN MRSEC research group from the Microstructured Polymers, Crystalline Organic Semiconductors and Magnetic Heterostructures IRGs, the Nanoparticle-Based Materials Proto-IRG, or one of the various Seed groups. Criteria for the awards include the quality of the student's undergraduate record, a letter of recommendation from a faculty member of the student's institution, a demonstrated interest in science and/or engineering, and the endorsement of a MRSEC faculty advisor.
This program offers its participants:
- 10 Week Summer Program
- Interdisciplinary, Cutting Edge Research
- Top scientists, world class instrumentation facilities
- Skills development workshops
- Grants for post-program conference attendance
- Present summer research to academic/industrial community
- Generous stipend; housing, food, and travel paid
- Diverse, national participant base
For more information, visit: http://www.mrsec.umn.edu/ehr/index.shtml and http://www.mrsec.umn.edu/ehr/reudescription.shtml
The Howard Hughes Undergraduate Biological Sciences Education Program at ULM
Two summer research awards will be offered each year to undergraduate students from Xavier University of Louisiana in New Orleans. Students at Xavier will be informed of prospective research mentors on the campus and the research possibilities available in their labs.
Interested students must submit a copy of their current transcripts indicating current GPA and letters of support from Xavier science faculty. Students accepted will be given a $3,000 stipend, room and board, and a $500 supply budget.
Interested students should download the application form and return all application materials to Ms. Sami Recoulley Owens.
Sami Recoulley Owens, Hughes Program Coordinator College of Arts and Sciences University of LA at Monroe 700 University Ave.
Monroe, LA 71209-6348
(318)-342-1885 or mail to: recoulley@ulm.edu
For more information, visit: http://www.ulm.edu/howardhughes/xavier_summer_program.htm
University of Maryland College of Behavioral and Social Sciences Summer Research Initiative to Increase Diversity
This 8-week program will be held on the University of Maryland, College Park campus from June 2 through July 25, 2008. The program focuses on disciplines from African American Studies to Sociology. Research experience is supplemented with lectures, workshops, and networking opportunities.
Students will be provided round-trip airfare, meals, room and board in University on-campus housing and a stipend of $2,700. Basic eligibility requirements include (but are not limited to) junior or senior status by Fall 2008; interest in a career in the social, behavior, or economic sciences; and U.S. citizen or permanent resident status. We are especially interested in applications from students underrepresented in the social, behavioral, and economic sciences. The application deadline is February 15, 2008.
For more information, please visit: http://www.bsos.umd.edu/dean/summer.html
Or contact Dr. Kim J. Nickerson at SRI@bsos.umd.edu
IU/HBCU Summer Scholars Institute 2008 Conference Call
The Summer Scholars Institute will be held from May 30 through August 1 on the campuses of Indiana University in Indianapolis and in Bloomington. Students will spend more than 80% of their time doing research in a STEM discipline with an IU laboratory research team. In addition, there are planned social events and special training opportunities. Students receive a stipend of $4,000 plus free room and board.
For more information, visit the website at: http://stem.indiana.edu , contact Dr. Jack Schmit at Schmit@indiana.edu, or please or at (812)855-9140. The deadline for applications is March 1.
Indiana University Summer Scholars Institute
The Summer Scholars Institute is a nine week program from May 30, 2008 to August 1, 2008. The program is designed to strengthen the curiosity in STEM fields to inspire future interest in graduate training. The application deadline is March 15, 2008 and final selections will be made March 15, 2008 Students will live in university residence halls, receive free room and board, free GRE prep course, and a $4000 summer stipend. For more information visit http://stem.indiana.edu/summerinstitute/ , email Dr. Jack Schmit at schmit@indiana.edu or call him at (812) 856-5700.
